Class 12:(27.02.2009) Principles of Organizing

Principles of Organizing

Principles of organizing proposed by E F L Brench provides a set of guidelines or points to be considered during the process of organizing. They are

• Objectives
• Specialization
• Span of control
• Exception
• Scalar Principle
• Unity of Command
• Delegation
• Responsibility
• Authority
• Responsibility
• Flexibility

Departmentalization

Departmentalization is the process of horizontally segmenting a group of activities into a unit or division within an organization. The following are some of the factors that can be used for departmentalization

• Functions - in this an organization is divided into different departments based on the function carried out. Example are production deprtment, Finance department etc
• Product- based on products - For example Hindustan Lever has different departments based on different products - detergents, Soaps, Chemical, Toileters , Johnson & Johnson has divisions- Children products, Surgicals, Microsoft has different products such as Operating Systems, Office products, databases
• Customers - in this category customer base is used as the basis for departmentalization such as Militarty customer, Civilian customers, Commerical customers A bank may divide it customers as business customers and individual customers
• Territory or region or Time - such as Railways, Indian Airline or Air India

Class 11( 26.02.09) Organizing

Organizing is the second function of management. The end of planning is the production of "agenda" for the enterprise to carry out. The process of establishing a mechanism to implementing plans is called Organizing.

• Organizing has been defined a rational co-ordination of activities to meet objectives.
• It is also a process of determining activities, grouping them into jobs and establishing hierarchy,authority, responsibility and relationships ( who should lead) among positions within an enterprise

The basis of organizing process is objectives set by the planning process. These objectives are converted into activities, these activities are grouped into jobs and these jobs are assigned to employees and hierarchy established among these employees. The hierarchy includes establishing positions.
For example: The objective of SDM CET college is offering Technical education. In order to realize we identify two fundamental activities

• Teaching- grouped into departments such as CIVIL and hierarchy such as HOD
• Administrating- support services - admission, exam etc

An enterprise can be organized for the benefit of targets. Here are different types

• owners
• members-such as unions
• clients- colleges, hospitals
• General Public- government departments- eg. Hubli Dharwad One
  In a hierarchy- number of people reporting to a particular authority is called Span of Control
  For instance, with 4 deans and 7 HOD’s reporting to him, Our principal has a span of control 0f 11.